クレジットカード開通でICEが住所を把握

imageWhen you open a new credit card, you necessarily give the credit card company your address. You probably expect that information to remain with your bank.

But when you open a new credit card or change your address on file, your address leaves your credit card provider, travels through a web of middlemen companies, and ends up with Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), which can then search, analyze, or pair that data with other pieces of information about your life without a warrant.

404 Media has mapped out this supply of data by reviewing U.S. government procurement records and internal documents from companies providing the information. It highlights the sometimes unexpected ways ICE is gaining access to peoples’ personal information as the agency continues to acquire and leverage all sorts of data.

The agency is buying information not just for immigration enforcement but to also investigate what the administration describes as ‘voter fraud.’ ICE officials have also repeatedly attempted to intimidate legal observers of ICE activity.

“No one signing up for a credit card thinks they're giving data brokers a thumbs-up to sell their personal information to ICE. Not only is it an outrageous violation of our privacy, it's impossible for Americans to opt out,” Senator Ron Wyden told 404 Media in a statement.

Here’s how that data supply chain works:

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You Open a Credit Card

Whenever you open a credit card, or update your personal information, the

credit card company provides your data to credit bureaus.

Credit Header Data

This is the personal data included at the top of your credit report. While the

credit report itself has stronger legal protections, the credit header data does

not.

Full Name

SSN

Phone Number

Address

Email address

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Credit Bureaus

These companies are tasked with tracking peoples' credit. Experian and Equifax are

mentioned in the documents 404 Media obtained. TransUnion is another credit

bureau, but it has its own data selling product.

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CLEAR

The credit bureaus provide the credit header data to Thomson Reuters, which

incorporates it into CLEAR. CLEAR is the company's investigative data product. It

brings together all sorts of data from different sources so customers can locate

individuals. Thomson Reuters sells access to CLEAR to law enforcement agencies.

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ICE

ICE buys access to CLEAR and is able to query its data without a warrant. CLEAR is

also integrated with tools that ICE uses to find which neighborhoods to raid,

including ELITE, a system worked on by Palantir. ELITE gives ICE a "confidence

score" of a person's current address.

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