米国防総省、Anthropic社の「使用制限方針」が国家安全保障に許容できないリスクと判断
米国防総省は、Anthropic社のAI技術が戦闘作戦中に無効化される可能性を懸念し、同社をサプライチェーンリスクと認定したと発表した。
キーポイント
国防総省によるAnthropicのリスク認定
米国防総省は、AI企業Anthropicを国家安全保障に対する「容認できないリスク」と位置付け、サプライチェーンリスクとして認定した。
「レッドライン」技術の懸念
Anthropicが自社AI技術に設定した「レッドライン」（倫理的境界線）が、戦闘作戦中に技術を意図的に無効化する可能性があると国防総省が懸念している。
戦闘作戦への適用性問題
国防総省は、Anthropicの技術が「戦闘作戦」中に信頼性を維持できない可能性を具体的な懸念材料として挙げている。
サプライチェーン安全保障の観点
この決定は、国防関連の技術調達におけるサプライチェーン安全保障の重要性を示す事例となっている。
影響分析・編集コメントを表示
影響分析
この決定は、AI技術の軍事応用における民間企業の倫理基準と国防要件の衝突を明確に示しており、今後他のAI企業の国防省との関係にも影響を与える可能性がある。また、AIの信頼性と制御性に関する議論を安全保障の文脈で加速させる契機となる。
編集コメント
AI企業の倫理的方針が実際のビジネス機会に影響を与える具体例として注目すべきニュース。国防と民間技術の関係性を考える上で重要なケーススタディとなる。
改善版翻訳文
国防総省は、「戦闘作戦」中にAnthropic社が「自社技術を無効化しようとする可能性」への懸念は、このAI企業をサプライチェーンリスクと認定した決定を裏付けるものだと述べた。
原文を表示
The U.S. Department of Defense said on Tuesday evening that Anthropic poses an “unacceptable risk to national security,” marking the agency’s first rebuttal to the AI lab’s lawsuits challenging Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth’s decision last month to label the company a supply-chain risk. As part of its complaints, Anthropic had requested the court temporarily block the DOD from enforcing its label.
The crux of the DOD’s argument, made in a 40-page filing in a California federal court, is the concern that Anthropic might “attempt to disable its technology or preemptively alter the behavior of its model” before or during “warfighting operations” if the company “feels that its corporate ‘red lines’ are being crossed.”
Anthropic last summer signed a $200 million contract with the Pentagon to deploy its technology within classified systems. In later negotiations over the terms of the contract, Anthropic said it did not want its AI systems to be used for mass surveillance of Americans, and that the technology wasn’t ready for use in targeting or firing decisions of lethal weapons. The Pentagon contested that a private company shouldn’t dictate how the military uses technology.
In response, an Anthropic spokesperson pointed to CEO Dario Amodei’s late February statement: “Anthropic understands that the Department of War, not private companies, makes military decisions. We have never raised objections to particular military operations nor attempted to limit use of our technology in an ad hoc manner.”
Chris Mattei, a lawyer specializing in First Amendment issues and a former Justice Department attorney, told TechCrunch there has been no investigation to support the DOD’s concerns of Anthropic potentially disabling or altering its AI models during warfighting operations. Without that evidence, the department’s argument fails to adequately explain how Anthropic’s negotiating position rendered it an “adversary,” Mattei argued.
“The government is relying completely on conjectural, speculative imaginings to justify a very, very serious legal step they’ve taken against Anthropic,” Mattei said. He added the department failed to “articulate a credible or even comprehensible rationale for why Anthropic’s refusal to agree to an ‘all lawful use’ provision rendered it a supply chain risk as opposed to a vendor that DOD simply didn’t want to do business with.”
Many organizations have spoken out against the DOD’s treatment of Anthropic, arguing that the department could have just ended its contract. Several tech companies and employees — including from OpenAI, Google, and Microsoft — as well as legal rights groups have filed amicus briefs in support of Anthropic.
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In its lawsuits, Anthropic accused the DOD of infringing on its First Amendment rights and punishing the company based on ideological grounds.
“In many ways, the government’s nonsensical arguments are themselves the best evidence that the administration’s conduct was plainly a retaliatory punishment for Anthropic’s refusal to agree to the government’s terms, which, contrary to the government’s brief, is a form of protected expression,” Mattei told TechCrunch.
A hearing on Anthropic’s request for a preliminary injunction is set for next Tuesday.
An Anthropic spokesperson told TechCrunch that its decision to seek judicial review does not change its “longstanding commitment to harnessing AI to protect our national security,” but that it’s a “necessary step” to protect its business, customers, and partners.
This article has been updated to include information from Chris Mattei, a constitutional rights lawyer, and comments from Anthropic.
Rebecca Bellan is a senior reporter at TechCrunch where she covers the business, policy, and emerging trends shaping artificial intelligence. Her work has also appeared in Forbes, Bloomberg, The Atlantic, The Daily Beast, and other publications.
You can contact or verify outreach from Rebecca by emailing rebecca.bellan@techcrunch.com or via encrypted message at rebeccabellan.491 on Signal.
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